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Pantheons

Folk Deities

The Folk Deities pantheon of Chinese mythology: 100 deities with stories, duties and sacred sites.

100 deities

Deities
Lord Guan (Guandi) — Celestial Venerable Lord Guan, Emperor of Subduing Demons Throughout the Three Realms, Whose Divine Might Resounds Far and Wide Wealth
Lord Guan (Guandi) Celestial Venerable Lord Guan, Emperor of Subduing Demons Throughout the Three Realms, Whose Divine Might Resounds Far and Wide Folk Deities Guan Di Temple in Jiezhou, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province
Mazu (Tianhou) — Celestial Holy Mother, Empress of Heaven, Primordial Lord Safety & Blessing
Mazu (Tianhou) Celestial Holy Mother, Empress of Heaven, Primordial Lord Folk Deities Mazu Ancestral Temple on Meizhou Island, Putian, Fujian Province
Zhao Gongming (God of Wealth) — Zhenjun of the Xuantan Altar, Upright One of the Golden Dragon and Ruyi Sceptre, Lord of the Dragon and Tiger Wealth
Zhao Gongming (God of Wealth) Zhenjun of the Xuantan Altar, Upright One of the Golden Dragon and Ruyi Sceptre, Lord of the Dragon and Tiger Folk Deities Caishen Zumi Temple in Zhao Da Village, Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi Province
Tudigong (Earth God) — Fude Zhengshen Tudigong Safety & Blessing
Tudigong (Earth God) Fude Zhengshen Tudigong Folk Deities Xianyueshan Tudigong Temple in Xiamen, southern Fujian (its folk origins trace back to the Central Plains)
Qu Yuan — Senior Minister of the Three Clans (a high-ranking Chu state official), River God of the Miluo River Studies & Exams
Qu Yuan Senior Minister of the Three Clans (a high-ranking Chu state official), River God of the Miluo River Folk Deities Qu Yuan Temple in Miluo, Hunan Province
Budai (Laughing Maitreya) — The Laughing Maitreya with the Vast Belly (Budai the Cloth-Sack Monk) Wealth
Budai (Laughing Maitreya) The Laughing Maitreya with the Vast Belly (Budai the Cloth-Sack Monk) Folk Deities Xuedou Temple in Fenghua, Ningbo, Zhejiang (the native place of Budai the Cloth-Sack Monk)
The Old Man Under the Moon (Yue Lao) — The Old Man Under the Moon (Immortal Master Yue Lao) Children & Marriage
The Old Man Under the Moon (Yue Lao) The Old Man Under the Moon (Immortal Master Yue Lao) Folk Deities Yue Lao Temple at West Lake in Hangzhou (with branch temples widespread across China)
Wong Tai Sin (Huang Daxian) — Master Chisong Huang Daxian Wealth
Wong Tai Sin (Huang Daxian) Master Chisong Huang Daxian Folk Deities Huang Daxian Ancestral Palace on Chisong Mountain, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province
City God (Chenghuang) — His Venerable Majesty Fude Dawang, the Reverend and Responsive Celestial Sovereign Chenghuang Laoye Safety & Blessing
City God (Chenghuang) His Venerable Majesty Fude Dawang, the Reverend and Responsive Celestial Sovereign Chenghuang Laoye Folk Deities Shanghai Chenghuang Temple (Chenghuang temples exist throughout China)
Ji Gong (The Mad Monk) — Greatly Compassionate, Greatly Benevolent, Greatly Virtuous, and Supreme Golden Arhat Venerable Anuo, Living Buddha Ji Gong Safety & Blessing
Ji Gong (The Mad Monk) Greatly Compassionate, Greatly Benevolent, Greatly Virtuous, and Supreme Golden Arhat Venerable Anuo, Living Buddha Ji Gong Folk Deities Tiantai Mountain in Zhejiang Province (Ji Gong’s birthplace) and Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou
Door God Qin Qiong — Left Door God · Qin Shubao · Duke of Huguo Warding Off Evil
Door God Qin Qiong Left Door God · Qin Shubao · Duke of Huguo Folk Deities Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province (Qin Qiong’s ancestral hometown)
Door God Yuchi Gong — Right-side Door God; Yuchi Jingde; Duke of E State Warding Off Evil
Door God Yuchi Gong Right-side Door God; Yuchi Jingde; Duke of E State Folk Deities Shanxi Province’s Shuozhou City, Shanyang (Yuchi Gong’s ancestral hometown)
Weaver Girl — Tiansun Zhinü Xingjun (Celestial Granddaughter Weaver Star Sovereign) Children & Marriage
Weaver Girl Tiansun Zhinü Xingjun (Celestial Granddaughter Weaver Star Sovereign) Folk Deities The Weaver Star by the Milky Way; Qixi Begging-for-Dexterity Pavilions across China
Zhong Kui (Demon Queller) — Zhenmo Zhenjun, Zhenzhai Shengjun Zhong Kui (True Lord Who Subdues Demons; Holy Lord Who Pacifies Dwellings) Warding Off Evil
Zhong Kui (Demon Queller) Zhenmo Zhenjun, Zhenzhai Shengjun Zhong Kui (True Lord Who Subdues Demons; Holy Lord Who Pacifies Dwellings) Folk Deities Huyi District, Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province (Zhong Kui’s ancestral home)
Baosheng Dadi (Imperial Physician God) — Enzhu Haotian Yiling Miaohui Zhenjun Wanshou Wuji Baosheng Dadi (Lord of Grace, Sovereign of the Vast Heaven, Divine Lord of Miraculous Medical Wisdom and Infinite Longevity, the Supreme Emperor Who Protects Life) Health & Averting Calamity
Baosheng Dadi (Imperial Physician God) Enzhu Haotian Yiling Miaohui Zhenjun Wanshou Wuji Baosheng Dadi (Lord of Grace, Sovereign of the Vast Heaven, Divine Lord of Miraculous Medical Wisdom and Infinite Longevity, the Supreme Emperor Who Protects Life) Folk Deities Qingjiao Ciji Palace (Eastern Palace) in Xiamen, Fujian Province
Qingshui Ancestral Master — Zhao Ying Guang Hui Ci Ji Shan Li Dashi (Master of Illuminating Response, Vast Benevolence, Compassionate Relief, and Beneficial Virtue) — Qingshui Ancestral Master Health & Averting Calamity
Qingshui Ancestral Master Zhao Ying Guang Hui Ci Ji Shan Li Dashi (Master of Illuminating Response, Vast Benevolence, Compassionate Relief, and Beneficial Virtue) — Qingshui Ancestral Master Folk Deities Qingshui Rock Monastery in Anxi County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province
Cowherd — Qian Niuxing Jun (Lord of the Ox-herding Star) Children & Marriage
Cowherd Qian Niuxing Jun (Lord of the Ox-herding Star) Folk Deities The Ox-herding Star beside the Milky Way—the legendary setting of the Cowherd and Weaver Girl folktale
Kitchen God (Zao Shen) — Dongchu Siming Jiuling Yuanwang Dingfu Shenjun (Lord of the Eastern Kitchen, Director of Fate, Primordial King of the Nine Spirits, Divine Lord Who Determines Blessings) Safety & Blessing
Kitchen God (Zao Shen) Dongchu Siming Jiuling Yuanwang Dingfu Shenjun (Lord of the Eastern Kitchen, Director of Fate, Primordial King of the Nine Spirits, Divine Lord Who Determines Blessings) Folk Deities Every household’s kitchen stove (the ritual of worshipping the Kitchen God is observed nationwide)
Taishan Shigandang — : Spirit Stone for Home Protection Warding Off Evil
Taishan Shigandang : Spirit Stone for Home Protection Folk Deities Mount Tai in Shandong Province (the faith’s place of origin)
Kuixing (God of Literature) — The Star Lord Who Points to the Dipper and Governs Literary Fortune Studies & Exams
Kuixing (God of Literature) The Star Lord Who Points to the Dipper and Governs Literary Fortune Folk Deities Kuixing Pavilions and Wenchang Pavilions across China
Bigan (God of Wealth) — Wenqu Xingjun, Wen Caishen Bigan Wealth
Bigan (God of Wealth) Wenqu Xingjun, Wen Caishen Bigan Folk Deities Bigan Temple in Weihui, Henan Province
Lady Linshui Chen Jinggu — Shuntian Shengmu (Holy Mother Who Complies with Heaven) · Linshui Furen Chen Jinggu Children & Marriage
Lady Linshui Chen Jinggu Shuntian Shengmu (Holy Mother Who Complies with Heaven) · Linshui Furen Chen Jinggu Folk Deities Linshui Palace in Daqiao Town, Gutian County, Fuzhou, Fujian Province
General Tiger Huye — General Huye, Marshal of the Lower Altar Wealth
General Tiger Huye General Huye, Marshal of the Lower Altar Folk Deities Temples across Fujian Province and Taiwan (typically enshrined in small shrines beneath the main deity’s altar)
Xuanzang — Tripitaka Master (Sandalwood Merit Buddha) Studies & Exams
Xuanzang Tripitaka Master (Sandalwood Merit Buddha) Folk Deities Xingjiao Temple in Xi’an (Xuanzang Pagoda)
Che Kung — Grand Marshal Che Health & Averting Calamity
Che Kung Grand Marshal Che Folk Deities Che Kung Temple in Sha Tin, Hong Kong
Fan Li (God of Wealth) — Tao Zhu Gong, the Civil God of Wealth Wealth
Fan Li (God of Wealth) Tao Zhu Gong, the Civil God of Wealth Folk Deities Tao Zhu Gong Shengsheng Shrine in Dingtao, Heze, Shandong Province
Door God Shentu — Venerable Deity of Duoshuo Mountain · Left-Door Door God · Commander-in-Chief of Ten Thousand Ghosts Warding Off Evil
Door God Shentu Venerable Deity of Duoshuo Mountain · Left-Door Door God · Commander-in-Chief of Ten Thousand Ghosts Folk Deities Mount Taodu on the East Sea (a legendary mountain famed for its divine peach tree)
Three Mountain Kings — Mingkuang Kings—Three Mountain Kings (Dushan, Mingshan, and JINSHAN Mountains) Safety & Blessing
Three Mountain Kings Mingkuang Kings—Three Mountain Kings (Dushan, Mingshan, and JINSHAN Mountains) Folk Deities Lingtian Ancestral Temple of the Three Mountain Kings in Hebo, Jiexi County, Guangdong Province
Goddess Zhusheng — Zhusheng Niangniang: Divine Bestower of Offspring Children & Marriage
Goddess Zhusheng Zhusheng Niangniang: Divine Bestower of Offspring Folk Deities Temples across Fujian and Taiwan (notably Kai-Long Temple in Tainan)
Li Bing — Chuanzhu Daa Wang (Great Peace King of Sichuan, Prefect of Shu Commandery under the Qin Dynasty) Health & Averting Calamity
Li Bing Chuanzhu Daa Wang (Great Peace King of Sichuan, Prefect of Shu Commandery under the Qin Dynasty) Folk Deities Erwang Temple in Dujiangyan, Sichuan
Guangze Zunwang — Guo Shengwang (Lord Guo), the Honorable and Revered King of Vast Benevolence Safety & Blessing
Guangze Zunwang Guo Shengwang (Lord Guo), the Honorable and Revered King of Vast Benevolence Folk Deities Fengshan Temple, Shishan Town, Nan'an City, Quanzhou, Fujian Province
Koxinga Zheng Chenggong — Prince of Yanping and Sage King Who Opened Taiwan, Zheng Chenggong Safety & Blessing
Koxinga Zheng Chenggong Prince of Yanping and Sage King Who Opened Taiwan, Zheng Chenggong Folk Deities Yanping Prince Temple and Zheng Chenggong Ancestral Temple in Tainan, Taiwan (his ancestral hometown—Shijing, Nan’an County, Fujian Province—also venerates him at its Zheng Chenggong Temple and Ancestral Temple)
Wu Zixu — Tidal Deity Wu Zixu Health & Averting Calamity
Wu Zixu Tidal Deity Wu Zixu Folk Deities Wu Gong Temple in Hangzhou (also jointly enshrined at Xu Wang Temple in Suzhou)
Huineng — Great Master Dajian, the Sixth Patriarch of Chan Buddhism Studies & Exams
Huineng Great Master Dajian, the Sixth Patriarch of Chan Buddhism Folk Deities Nanhua Temple in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province
Door God Yulv — Venerable Deity of Dushuo Mountain · Right-Side Door God · God Who Binds Ghosts Warding Off Evil
Door God Yulv Venerable Deity of Dushuo Mountain · Right-Side Door God · God Who Binds Ghosts Folk Deities Taodu Mountain on Dushuo Mountain in the East Sea (a legendary sacred mountain famed for its divine peach tree)
Five Princes of Nankunshen — The Five Princes of Nankunshen (Li, Chi, Wu, Zhu, and Fan) Health & Averting Calamity
Five Princes of Nankunshen The Five Princes of Nankunshen (Li, Chi, Wu, Zhu, and Fan) Folk Deities Nankunshen Daifu Temple in Beimen District, Tainan City, Taiwan
Seven Fairies Qiniangma — Qiniangma (the Seven Star Goddess), the Seven Star Lady, and Zhinü (the Weaver Girl) Children & Marriage
Seven Fairies Qiniangma Qiniangma (the Seven Star Goddess), the Seven Star Lady, and Zhinü (the Weaver Girl) Folk Deities Kailong Temple in Tainan, Taiwan
Hung Shing — Guangli Hung Shing Da Wang of the South Sea Safety & Blessing
Hung Shing Guangli Hung Shing Da Wang of the South Sea Folk Deities Nanhai God Temple in Guangzhou
King Kaizhang Chen Yuanguang — Kaizhang Shengwang—General Chen Yuanguang Safety & Blessing
King Kaizhang Chen Yuanguang Kaizhang Shengwang—General Chen Yuanguang Folk Deities Yunxiao Weihui Temple, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province
Caibo Xingjun (God of Wealth) — Dutian Zhifu Caibo Xingjun (Celestial Lord of Universal Prosperity and Wealth) · Zengfu Xianggong (Lord Who Bestows Fortune) Wealth
Caibo Xingjun (God of Wealth) Dutian Zhifu Caibo Xingjun (Celestial Lord of Universal Prosperity and Wealth) · Zengfu Xianggong (Lord Who Bestows Fortune) Folk Deities Quzhou County, Hebei Province (where Li Guizu served as magistrate and where his shrine was first erected), and Caishen Temples throughout China
Zheng He — Grand Eunuch Sanbao (Lord Sanbao) Wealth
Zheng He Grand Eunuch Sanbao (Lord Sanbao) Folk Deities Sanbao Temple in Malacca, Malaysia (also jointly enshrined at the Zheng He Tomb in Nanjing)
Jianzhen — Great Monk of the Tang Dynasty, Master Who Crossed the Sea Studies & Exams
Jianzhen Great Monk of the Tang Dynasty, Master Who Crossed the Sea Folk Deities Daming Temple in Yangzhou (Jianzhen Memorial Hall)
Yu Qian — Lord Yu Zhongsu (one of the Three Heroes of West Lake) Safety & Blessing
Yu Qian Lord Yu Zhongsu (one of the Three Heroes of West Lake) Folk Deities Yu Qian Temple in Beijing (also jointly venerated at Yu Qian’s tomb by West Lake in Hangzhou)
Chuangmu Bed Mother — Chuangmu Niangniang (Bed Mother Goddess) / Chuangtou Popo (Grandmother at the Head of the Bed) Health & Averting Calamity
Chuangmu Bed Mother Chuangmu Niangniang (Bed Mother Goddess) / Chuangtou Popo (Grandmother at the Head of the Bed) Folk Deities Southern Fujian Minnan region (folk belief transmitted by migrants to Taiwan)
Wind Lion God — Fengshiye · Shishigong (Stone Lion Deity) Warding Off Evil
Wind Lion God Fengshiye · Shishigong (Stone Lion Deity) Folk Deities Kinmen, Fujian Province (erected at village entrances and behind houses across Kinmen)
The Two Immortals of Harmony (Hehe Erxian) — Harmony Sage and Union Sage (the Two Sages of Harmony and Union) Children & Marriage
The Two Immortals of Harmony (Hehe Erxian) Harmony Sage and Union Sage (the Two Sages of Harmony and Union) Folk Deities Hanshan Temple in Suzhou
Ma Yuan — General Fubo (Marquis of Xinxī) Safety & Blessing
Ma Yuan General Fubo (Marquis of Xinxī) Folk Deities Fubo Temple in Hengxian County, Guangxi
Qi Jiguang — Junior Guardian Qi (Renowned Ming Dynasty General Who Repelled Japanese Pirates) Warding Off Evil
Qi Jiguang Junior Guardian Qi (Renowned Ming Dynasty General Who Repelled Japanese Pirates) Folk Deities Qi Jiguang Ancestral Temple in Penglai, Shandong Province
Prince Chi of Nankunshen — Chi Fu Qian Sui, Prince Chi Mengbiao Health & Averting Calamity
Prince Chi of Nankunshen Chi Fu Qian Sui, Prince Chi Mengbiao Folk Deities Nankunshen Dai Tianfu Temple in Beimen District, Tainan City, Taiwan (with branch temples widespread across Fujian and Taiwan)
Qianliyan (Thousand-Mile Eye) — General Qianliyan, Vanguard Guardian before Mazu Safety & Blessing
Qianliyan (Thousand-Mile Eye) General Qianliyan, Vanguard Guardian before Mazu Folk Deities Meizhou Mazu Ancestral Temple, Putian, Fujian Province
Shunfeng'er (Wind-Following Ear) — General Shunfeng'er, Attendant to Mazu Safety & Blessing
Shunfeng'er (Wind-Following Ear) General Shunfeng'er, Attendant to Mazu Folk Deities Mazu Ancestral Temple on Meizhou Island, Putian, Fujian Province
Zhou Cang — General Zhou, Commander of Guandi’s (Lord Guan, the Deified Lord of War and Loyalty) Retinue Warding Off Evil
Zhou Cang General Zhou, Commander of Guandi’s (Lord Guan, the Deified Lord of War and Loyalty) Retinue Folk Deities Guandi temples throughout China, standing to the right of Guandi’s statue alongside Guan Ping
Tam Kung — Xiansheng (Master Tam Kung Dao) Safety & Blessing
Tam Kung Xiansheng (Master Tam Kung Dao) Folk Deities Tam Kung Temple in Shau Kei Wan, Hong Kong
Yuan Chonghuan — the Venerated Commander-in-Chief of Jizhou and Liaodong (a high-ranking Ming dynasty military governor overseeing the strategic northeastern frontier) Safety & Blessing
Yuan Chonghuan the Venerated Commander-in-Chief of Jizhou and Liaodong (a high-ranking Ming dynasty military governor overseeing the strategic northeastern frontier) Folk Deities Yuan Chonghuan Shrine in Beijing (also jointly enshrined at the Yuan Chonghuan Memorial Park in Shijie, Dongguan, Guangdong Province)
King Qingshan Ling'an — Qingshan Ling'an Zunwang—General Zhang Kun of Qingshan Mountain Safety & Blessing
King Qingshan Ling'an Qingshan Ling'an Zunwang—General Zhang Kun of Qingshan Mountain Folk Deities Qingshan Gong (Qingshan Temple) in Hui'an County, Fujian Province (the Bangka Qingshan Gong in Taipei is a renowned branch temple)
Longmu (Dragon Mother) — Water Deity of the Xi River · Yong'an Madam Longmu of Yuecheng Safety & Blessing
Longmu (Dragon Mother) Water Deity of the Xi River · Yong'an Madam Longmu of Yuecheng Folk Deities Yuecheng Longmu Ancestral Temple in Deqing County, Guangdong Province
Mother of Five Grains — Goddess of Bountiful Harvests Wealth
Mother of Five Grains Goddess of Bountiful Harvests Folk Deities Rural villages and field-side shrines across the Chaoshan region of Guangdong Province, particularly at grain storage sites and field boundaries
Goddess of Flowers — Flower Goddess of the Huāzhāo Festival and Patroness of All Blossoms Children & Marriage
Goddess of Flowers Flower Goddess of the Huāzhāo Festival and Patroness of All Blossoms Folk Deities Huāzhāo Festival grand assemblies in Jiangnan; Hǔqiū Huāshén Miào (Tiger Hill Flower Goddess Temple) in Suzhou; Huāshén Miào (Flower Goddess Temple) in Nanjing
Yimin Ye Loyal Militia Spirits — Baozhong Yimin Ye: Heroic Spirits of the Hakka Loyal Militia Safety & Blessing
Yimin Ye Loyal Militia Spirits Baozhong Yimin Ye: Heroic Spirits of the Hakka Loyal Militia Folk Deities Baozhong Yimin Temple, Fangliao, Xinpuxi, Hsinchu, Taiwan
Zhang Xian the Child-Giving Immortal — Celestial Lord Zhang Xian, Guardian of Children and Bestower of Offspring Children & Marriage
Zhang Xian the Child-Giving Immortal Celestial Lord Zhang Xian, Guardian of Children and Bestower of Offspring Folk Deities Meishan in Sichuan Province (the legendary birthplace of Zhang Yuanxiao) and Daoist temples throughout China
Lishi Xianguan (Immortal Official of Profit) — Yingxiang Nafu Lishi Xianguan (Immortal Official of Profit Who Welcomes Auspiciousness and Embraces Blessings) Wealth
Lishi Xianguan (Immortal Official of Profit) Yingxiang Nafu Lishi Xianguan (Immortal Official of Profit Who Welcomes Auspiciousness and Embraces Blessings) Folk Deities Private households and local Caishen Temples across China
Mang of Spring — Taihao Jumu, the Azure Emperor of the East and Sovereign of the Wood Virtue Safety & Blessing
Mang of Spring Taihao Jumu, the Azure Emperor of the East and Sovereign of the Wood Virtue Folk Deities A subordinate deity under the Azure Emperor of the East; ritually venerated at the eastern suburbs during the Start of Spring ceremony since antiquity
Silkworm Goddess — Mǎtóu Niáng (Horse-Headed Maiden), Holy Mother of Silkworms Wealth
Silkworm Goddess Mǎtóu Niáng (Horse-Headed Maiden), Holy Mother of Silkworms Folk Deities Silkworm-growing regions of the Taihu Lake Basin in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, including local Silkworm Deity Temples and household shrines dedicated to the Silkworm Deity
Guan Ping — Guansheng Taizi Guan Ping Dijun (Crown Prince of the Holy Lord Guan, Divine Lord Guan Ping) Safety & Blessing
Guan Ping Guansheng Taizi Guan Ping Dijun (Crown Prince of the Holy Lord Guan, Divine Lord Guan Ping) Folk Deities Temples dedicated to Lord Guan throughout China and the Sinosphere, where he stands to the left of Lord Guan’s statue, opposite Zhou Cang who stands to the right
Hau Wong — (Great King Yang Hau) Safety & Blessing
Hau Wong (Great King Yang Hau) Folk Deities Hau Wong Ancient Temple in Kowloon City, Hong Kong
Kitchen Queen — Lady Dongchu of the Nine Heavens, Consort of the Kitchen God Safety & Blessing
Kitchen Queen Lady Dongchu of the Nine Heavens, Consort of the Kitchen God Folk Deities Household kitchen altars—enshrined alongside the Kitchen God in the same niche
Yan Gong — Lingying Pinglang Hou Yan Gong (Spiritually Responsive Marquis Who Pacifies the Waves) Safety & Blessing
Yan Gong Lingying Pinglang Hou Yan Gong (Spiritually Responsive Marquis Who Pacifies the Waves) Folk Deities Yan Gong temples throughout the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (including his ancestral temple in Linjiang Prefecture, Jiangxi Province)
Five Plague Gods — Wu Wen Shizhe (the Five Plague Messengers: Zhang Yuanbo, the Spring Plague God; Liu Yuanda, the Summer Plague God; Zhao Gongming, the Autumn Plague God; Zhong Shigui, the Winter Plague God; and Shi Wenyi, the Central Plague God) Health & Averting Calamity
Five Plague Gods Wu Wen Shizhe (the Five Plague Messengers: Zhang Yuanbo, the Spring Plague God; Liu Yuanda, the Summer Plague God; Zhao Gongming, the Autumn Plague God; Zhong Shigui, the Winter Plague God; and Shi Wenyi, the Central Plague God) Folk Deities Temples dedicated to the Five Plague Gods (formerly most numerous in the Jiangnan and Fujian regions)
God of Joy — the Divine Embodiment of Auspiciousness and Celebration Children & Marriage
God of Joy the Divine Embodiment of Auspiciousness and Celebration Folk Deities Folk belief (no fixed ancestral temple; widely venerated among northern Chinese communities)
Fazhu Gong — · Zhang Shengjun · Dutian Shengjun Health & Averting Calamity
Fazhu Gong · Zhang Shengjun · Dutian Shengjun Folk Deities Shihulu Zudian Temple in Dehua County, Fujian Province (the Dadaocheng Fazhu Gong Temple in Taipei is a renowned branch temple)
Zhaocai Tongzi (Wealth-Inviting Boy) — Zhaocai Jinbao Lishi Tongzi (Wealth-Inviting, Treasure-Admitting, Prosperity-Bestowing Boy) Wealth
Zhaocai Tongzi (Wealth-Inviting Boy) Zhaocai Jinbao Lishi Tongzi (Wealth-Inviting, Treasure-Admitting, Prosperity-Bestowing Boy) Folk Deities Private households and Caishen (God of Wealth) temples across China
Ma Wangye (Horse God) — Shuicao Ma Mingwang (Water-and-Grass Horse Illuminating King) · Tian Si Xingjun (Stellar Lord of the Celestial Team of Horses) Safety & Blessing
Ma Wangye (Horse God) Shuicao Ma Mingwang (Water-and-Grass Horse Illuminating King) · Tian Si Xingjun (Stellar Lord of the Celestial Team of Horses) Folk Deities Ma Shen Miao (Horse God Temples) in Beijing and other locations (traditionally built beside post roads)
Silu Caishen (Four Gods of Wealth) — Zhaobao, Nazhen, Zhaochai, and Lishi—the Four Gods of Wealth Wealth
Silu Caishen (Four Gods of Wealth) Zhaobao, Nazhen, Zhaochai, and Lishi—the Four Gods of Wealth Folk Deities Local Caishen temples (enshrined as attendant deities flanking the Central God of Wealth)
Rushou, God of Autumn — Rushou, Assistant Deity of Shaohao, the Western Emperor of Metal Virtue Safety & Blessing
Rushou, God of Autumn Rushou, Assistant Deity of Shaohao, the Western Emperor of Metal Virtue Folk Deities Mount You in the West; imperial sacrifices held at the western suburbs on the Start of Autumn
Goddess of Bright Eyes — Yanguang Shengmu Huizhao Mingmu Yuanjun (Holy Mother of Bright Vision, Illuminating and Clarifying the Eyes) Health & Averting Calamity
Goddess of Bright Eyes Yanguang Shengmu Huizhao Mingmu Yuanjun (Holy Mother of Bright Vision, Illuminating and Clarifying the Eyes) Folk Deities Enshrined as a secondary deity in the Bixia Temple on Mount Tai; also venerated in dedicated Yanguang Halls within local Niangniang Temples across China
Twelve Zodiac Deities — Benming Deities of the Twelve Earthly Branches Safety & Blessing
Twelve Zodiac Deities Benming Deities of the Twelve Earthly Branches Folk Deities Temples dedicated to the zodiac animals; auxiliary shrines within Benming Yuanchen Halls (Halls of the Original Stellar Deities)
Goddess of Descendants — Yuanshun Baosheng Yuanjun (Primordial Lady Who Protects and Nurtures Descendants) Children & Marriage
Goddess of Descendants Yuanshun Baosheng Yuanjun (Primordial Lady Who Protects and Nurtures Descendants) Folk Deities Dongyue Temple in Beijing, the Tai Shan Niang Niang Pilgrimage Palace on Mount Tai, and local Niang Niang Temples across northern China
Two Loyal Ministers Zhang-Xu — Baoyi Zunwang (Lord of Protective Rituals) — The Two Loyal Ministers (Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan) Safety & Blessing
Two Loyal Ministers Zhang-Xu Baoyi Zunwang (Lord of Protective Rituals) — The Two Loyal Ministers (Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan) Folk Deities Anxi County, Fujian Province (Jingmei Jiying Temple in Taipei is a renowned branch temple)
Tudipo Land Granny — Consort of the Tudigong (God of the Local Land) · Tudipo Safety & Blessing
Tudipo Land Granny Consort of the Tudigong (God of the Local Land) · Tudipo Folk Deities Tudigong temples across Guangdong’s Chaoshan region and Fujian-Taiwan areas (enshrined jointly with Tudigong)
Lady Jinhua — The Child-Giving Goddess Children & Marriage
Lady Jinhua The Child-Giving Goddess Folk Deities Jinhua Temple in Guangzhou, Guangdong (the original temple flourished along the Pearl River)
Water Immortal Kings — Shuixian Zunwang (Water Immortal Kings) — a collective deity comprising five water deities led by Yu the Great Safety & Blessing
Water Immortal Kings Shuixian Zunwang (Water Immortal Kings) — a collective deity comprising five water deities led by Yu the Great Folk Deities Shuixian Temple in Tainan, Taiwan (widely venerated along the southern Fujian coast)
Goddess of Safe Childbirth — Lady Cui Sheng, the Divine Sovereign Who Ensures Smooth Delivery and Protects Infants Children & Marriage
Goddess of Safe Childbirth Lady Cui Sheng, the Divine Sovereign Who Ensures Smooth Delivery and Protects Infants Folk Deities Dongyue Temple in Beijing, Niangniang Palace in Tianjin, and other similar temples—typically enshrined alongside Bixia Yuanjun (Goddess of the Morning Clouds) and Songzi Niangniang (Goddess of Childbestowal)
Nian Beast — The Malevolent Nian at Year’s End Warding Off Evil
Nian Beast The Malevolent Nian at Year’s End Folk Deities Remote mountains and wild expanses; descends into villages at year’s end
Niu Wangye (Ox God) — Great Emperor Niu Wang, Deity of Agricultural Prosperity Safety & Blessing
Niu Wangye (Ox God) Great Emperor Niu Wang, Deity of Agricultural Prosperity Folk Deities Niuyang Temple in Chengdu and other Niu Wang Temples across China
Jinlong Si Da Wang (Great King of Golden Dragon) — Jinlong Si Da Wang: Deity of the Grand Canal’s Grain Transport System Safety & Blessing
Jinlong Si Da Wang (Great King of Golden Dragon) Jinlong Si Da Wang: Deity of the Grand Canal’s Grain Transport System Folk Deities Temples dedicated to Jinlong Si Da Wang along the Beijing–Hangzhou Grand Canal (originating in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province)
Auntie Wind — Madam Fengshen, Eighteenth Aunt of the Feng Family Safety & Blessing
Auntie Wind Madam Fengshen, Eighteenth Aunt of the Feng Family Folk Deities Worshipped jointly with Fengbo (the Wind Lord); historically enshrined as a subsidiary deity in Mazu temples along seacoasts and at canal transport wharves
Flower Grandpa and Grandma — Deities of Child Protection Children & Marriage
Flower Grandpa and Grandma Deities of Child Protection Folk Deities Worshipped throughout southern Fujian (Minnan), Chaoshan, and Taiwan—often enshrined as attendant deities in temples dedicated to Linshui Furen (Goddess of Childbirth and Protection) or installed in household shrines
Gods of Six Livestock — Guardian Deities of Thriving Livestock Wealth
Gods of Six Livestock Guardian Deities of Thriving Livestock Folk Deities Farmers’ barns, stables, pens, and enclosures across China; also temples dedicated to the Horse King (Mawang Miao) and the Ox King (Niuwang Miao)
Douzhen Niangniang Goddess of Smallpox — Douzhen Niangniang, Holy Mother of Rash and Pustular Diseases Health & Averting Calamity
Douzhen Niangniang Goddess of Smallpox Douzhen Niangniang, Holy Mother of Rash and Pustular Diseases Folk Deities Tianjin Tianhou Palace (where Douzhen Niangniang is enshrined as a secondary deity; one of the most renowned northern sites of her worship)
Well God — Jingquan Tongzi (Well Spring Boy) / Jing Longwang (Well Dragon King) Safety & Blessing
Well God Jingquan Tongzi (Well Spring Boy) / Jing Longwang (Well Dragon King) Folk Deities Popular worship across central China (well rituals spread nationwide alongside village wells and springs)
Lushen Road God — God of Travel and Ancestral Farewell Rites Safety & Blessing
Lushen Road God God of Travel and Ancestral Farewell Rites Folk Deities The Central Plains region (the birthplace of the pre-Qin ancestral farewell rites)
King Kaimin Wang Shenzhi — Kaimin Shengwang · Minwang Wang Shenzi (Min King Wang Shenzi) Safety & Blessing
King Kaimin Wang Shenzhi Kaimin Shengwang · Minwang Wang Shenzi (Min King Wang Shenzi) Folk Deities Minwang Shrine on Qingcheng Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province
Saoqingniang (Sunny Sweeper Maiden) — Cloud-Sweeping Maiden Who Prays for Clear Skies Health & Averting Calamity
Saoqingniang (Sunny Sweeper Maiden) Cloud-Sweeping Maiden Who Prays for Clear Skies Folk Deities private homes across northern China / local small temples
Zigu (Toilet Goddess) — Zigu, the Latrine Deity; Mistress Zigū Health & Averting Calamity
Zigu (Toilet Goddess) Zigu, the Latrine Deity; Mistress Zigū Folk Deities Private households and small local temples across China
Liu Mengjiang (Locust-Expelling God) — General Liu Mengjiang, Celestial Deity Who Expels Locusts and Protects Crops Health & Averting Calamity
Liu Mengjiang (Locust-Expelling God) General Liu Mengjiang, Celestial Deity Who Expels Locusts and Protects Crops Folk Deities Mengjiang Halls throughout the Jiangnan water towns, especially in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province
She Shen (God of Land) — Divine Sovereign of the Grand She Altar; Consort and Consort of the Communal She Altar Safety & Blessing
She Shen (God of Land) Divine Sovereign of the Grand She Altar; Consort and Consort of the Communal She Altar Folk Deities The Sheji Altar in Beijing's Zhongshan Park and local She altars throughout China
Lady Chenghuang — Consort of Lord Chenghuang (City God) Children & Marriage
Lady Chenghuang Consort of Lord Chenghuang (City God) Folk Deities Hufu Dian (Consort’s Hall) in the rear hall of Shanghai Chenghuang Temple and similar Consort’s Halls in Chenghuang Temples across China
Thirty-Six Wet Nurse Goddesses — San Shiliu Gong Po Zu Niao Mu Children & Marriage
Thirty-Six Wet Nurse Goddesses San Shiliu Gong Po Zu Niao Mu Folk Deities Temples dedicated to Linshui Furen (Goddess of the Riverside), such as the Tainan Linshui Furen Temple, where they appear as attendant deities in Fujian and Taiwan goddess temples
Gate and Door Guardian Officers — Men Cheng Hu Wei: Guardians of Gates and Doors Warding Off Evil
Gate and Door Guardian Officers Men Cheng Hu Wei: Guardians of Gates and Doors Folk Deities Temple gateways (menwu) and domestic doorways; venerated alongside door gods in Daoist temples and private homes
Tianlong and Diya (Wenchang's Attendants) — Tianlong and Diya, the Attendant Deities Standing before Wenchang Dijun (Lord Wenchang, the God of Culture and Literature) Studies & Exams
Tianlong and Diya (Wenchang's Attendants) Tianlong and Diya, the Attendant Deities Standing before Wenchang Dijun (Lord Wenchang, the God of Culture and Literature) Folk Deities Wenchang Temples throughout China (enshrined as attendant deities flanking Wenchang Dijun)