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Pantheons

Ancient Mythology

The Ancient Mythology pantheon of Chinese mythology: 53 deities with stories, duties and sacred sites.

53 deities

Deities
Pangu — Primordial Deity Who Separated Heaven and Earth Warding Off Evil
Pangu Primordial Deity Who Separated Heaven and Earth Ancient Mythology Pangu Mountain, Biyang County, Henan Province
Nüwa — Holy Mother Who Molded Humanity from Clay and Mended the Heavens with Reforged Stones Children & Marriage
Nüwa Holy Mother Who Molded Humanity from Clay and Mended the Heavens with Reforged Stones Ancient Mythology Wahuang Palace in She County, Hebei Province
Yellow Emperor — Xuanyuan Huangdi, the First Patriarch of Chinese Civilization Safety & Blessing
Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan Huangdi, the First Patriarch of Chinese Civilization Ancient Mythology Huangdi’s Hometown in Xinzheng, Henan Province
Fu Xi — First of the Three Sovereigns and Forefather of Chinese Civilization Children & Marriage
Fu Xi First of the Three Sovereigns and Forefather of Chinese Civilization Ancient Mythology Fu Xi Temple in Tianshui, Gansu Province
Shennong — Yandi Shennong: Ancestral Deity of Medicine and Agriculture Health & Averting Calamity
Shennong Yandi Shennong: Ancestral Deity of Medicine and Agriculture Ancient Mythology Shennong’s Hometown in Suizhou, Hubei Province
Chang'e — Celestial Maiden of the Moon Palace and Goddess of the Moonward Ascension Children & Marriage
Chang'e Celestial Maiden of the Moon Palace and Goddess of the Moonward Ascension Ancient Mythology Mingyue Mountain in Yichun, Jiangxi Province (the legendary site of Chang'e’s ascension to the moon)
Black Tortoise — Deity of the Northern Xuanwu Seven Lunar Mansions Safety & Blessing
Black Tortoise Deity of the Northern Xuanwu Seven Lunar Mansions Ancient Mythology The celestial region of the Northern Seven Mansions; frequently depicted on Han-dynasty Four Auspicious Beasts roof tiles and tomb murals
Qilin — The Benevolent Beast; Foremost of the Four Divine Beasts Safety & Blessing
Qilin The Benevolent Beast; Foremost of the Four Divine Beasts Ancient Mythology According to legend, a qilin was captured during a western hunt at the Daye Marsh of the State of Lu (present-day Juye County, Shandong Province)
Fenghuang (Chinese Phoenix) — King of All Birds and One of the Four Divine Beasts Safety & Blessing
Fenghuang (Chinese Phoenix) King of All Birds and One of the Four Divine Beasts Ancient Mythology Mount Danxue, as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas; the abode of the Vermilion Fenghuang on the southern mountains
Pixiu — Auspicious Beast of Wealth Attraction and Treasure Accumulation Wealth
Pixiu Auspicious Beast of Wealth Attraction and Treasure Accumulation Ancient Mythology legendary site where the Yellow Emperor trained beasts; later enshrined in shops and residences
Azure Dragon — Deity of the Seven Lunar Mansions of the Azure Dragon in the East Safety & Blessing
Azure Dragon Deity of the Seven Lunar Mansions of the Azure Dragon in the East Ancient Mythology The celestial region of the Eastern Seven Mansions; its imagery appears frequently on roof-tile end caps (wa-dang) of Han-dynasty palaces and star charts painted on tomb chamber walls
White Tiger — Deity of the Seven Lunar Mansions of the Western White Tiger Warding Off Evil
White Tiger Deity of the Seven Lunar Mansions of the Western White Tiger Ancient Mythology The celestial region of the Western Seven Mansions; its image frequently appears on Han-dynasty roof-tile endpieces (wa dang) and stone que gate towers as one of the Four Auspicious Beasts
Vermilion Bird — Deity of the Seven Lunar Mansions of the Southern Quadrant Safety & Blessing
Vermilion Bird Deity of the Seven Lunar Mansions of the Southern Quadrant Ancient Mythology The celestial region of the Southern Seven Mansions; its imagery frequently appears on Han-dynasty roof tiles depicting the Four Auspicious Beasts and in palace murals
Bai Ze — Auspicious Beast of Universal Knowledge Safety & Blessing
Bai Ze Auspicious Beast of Universal Knowledge Ancient Mythology The seashore of the East Sea, where the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi, legendary sovereign and culture hero) is said to have encountered Bai Ze during his eastern inspection tour
Nine-Tailed Fox — Auspicious Beast of Qingqiu and Tushan Children & Marriage
Nine-Tailed Fox Auspicious Beast of Qingqiu and Tushan Ancient Mythology Qingqiu Mountain (as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas), Tushan (present-day Dangtu County, Anhui Province)
Cangjie — Sage Creator of Chinese Characters and Ancestral Founder of Writing Studies & Exams
Cangjie Sage Creator of Chinese Characters and Ancestral Founder of Writing Ancient Mythology Cangjie Temple in Baishui County, Shaanxi Province
Yu the Great — Sage-King Yu, Pacifier of the Waters and Founder of the Xia Dynasty Safety & Blessing
Yu the Great Sage-King Yu, Pacifier of the Waters and Founder of the Xia Dynasty Ancient Mythology Dayu Mausoleum in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province
Taotie — One of the Four Fiends · The Gluttonous Beast Warding Off Evil
Taotie One of the Four Fiends · The Gluttonous Beast Ancient Mythology Ritual bronze vessels of the Shang and Zhou dynasties; the legendary territory of the Jinyun Clan (said to lie in the south)
Mifei (Goddess of the Luo River) — Deity of the Luo River Children & Marriage
Mifei (Goddess of the Luo River) Deity of the Luo River Ancient Mythology The Luo River Basin in Henan Province, along the banks of the Luo River in Luoyang
Hou Yi — Hero Who Shot Down the Suns Warding Off Evil
Hou Yi Hero Who Shot Down the Suns Ancient Mythology Erlitou Xia Dynasty Capital Ruins in Yanshi, Henan (legendary homeland of the Youqiong clan)
Zhulong (Torch Dragon) — Deity of Zhongshan Mountain · Zhulong the Illuminator of the Nine Yins Safety & Blessing
Zhulong (Torch Dragon) Deity of Zhongshan Mountain · Zhulong the Illuminator of the Nine Yins Ancient Mythology Zhongshan Mountain (also called Zhangwei Mountain), as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas, located in the northwestern region of deep obscurity
Lords of the Xiang River — Divine Consorts of the Xiang River Children & Marriage
Lords of the Xiang River Divine Consorts of the Xiang River Ancient Mythology The Xiang River basin in Hunan Province; the Xiangfei Temple stands on Junshan Island in Yueyang
Xihe Goddess of the Sun — Mother of the Sun · Charioteer of the Solar Orb Safety & Blessing
Xihe Goddess of the Sun Mother of the Sun · Charioteer of the Solar Orb Ancient Mythology The land of Xihe, described in the Classic of Mountains and Seas as lying beyond the southeastern seas between the Gan River waters—later identified by scholars with the Rizhao region of Shandong Province
Emperor Yao — Tang Yao, the Benevolent and Virtuous Sage Sovereign Safety & Blessing
Emperor Yao Tang Yao, the Benevolent and Virtuous Sage Sovereign Ancient Mythology Yao Temple in Linfen, Shanxi Province
Peng Zu — Primordial Deity of Longevity and Health Cultivation Health & Averting Calamity
Peng Zu Primordial Deity of Longevity and Health Cultivation Ancient Mythology Peng Zu Garden in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province
Shao Siming — Deity Presiding over Offspring and Youth Children & Marriage
Shao Siming Deity Presiding over Offspring and Youth Ancient Mythology Sites of worship in the Yuan-Xiang River basin of the ancient Chu state, corresponding to present-day Yuan-Xiang region in Hunan Province
Emperor Shun — The Greatly Filial and Benevolent Emperor Yu Shun Safety & Blessing
Emperor Shun The Greatly Filial and Benevolent Emperor Yu Shun Ancient Mythology Emperor Shun Mausoleum on Jiuyi Mountain in Ningyuan County, Hunan Province
Donghuang Taiyi — Supreme Deity of the Nine Songs Safety & Blessing
Donghuang Taiyi Supreme Deity of the Nine Songs Ancient Mythology The suburban sacrificial altar of Yingdu, capital of the Chu kingdom—located in present-day Jiangling County, Hubei Province
Yaoji (Goddess of Wushan) — Divine Maiden of Wushan Safety & Blessing
Yaoji (Goddess of Wushan) Divine Maiden of Wushan Ancient Mythology Wushan County, Chongqing (at Shennü Peak in the Wu Gorge, where the ruins of the former Temple of the Divine Maiden still stand)
Chiyou — Lord of the Jiuli Tribes and Divine War God, Master of Warfare Warding Off Evil
Chiyou Lord of the Jiuli Tribes and Divine War God, Master of Warfare Ancient Mythology Chiyou’s Hometown at Daxiong Mountain, Xinhua County, Hunan Province
Gun — Lord Chong Gun, Father of Yu the Great Safety & Blessing
Gun Lord Chong Gun, Father of Yu the Great Ancient Mythology Executed at Yujiao (Mount Yu, in present-day Tancheng County, Shandong Province); later honoured with shrines dedicated jointly to Gun and Yu the Great
Da Siming — Deity Who Governs Longevity and Mortality Health & Averting Calamity
Da Siming Deity Who Governs Longevity and Mortality Ancient Mythology Shrines in the Yuan-Xiang River basin of the ancient Chu state, corresponding to present-day Yuan-Xiang region in Hunan Province
Suiren — The Divine Fire Ancestor (Suihuang) Safety & Blessing
Suiren The Divine Fire Ancestor (Suihuang) Ancient Mythology Suiren Mausoleum in Shangqiu, Henan Province
Xiangliu — Minister of Gonggong · Nine-Headed Serpent Demon Health & Averting Calamity
Xiangliu Minister of Gonggong · Nine-Headed Serpent Demon Ancient Mythology Near the Terrace of Gonggong, as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas; later the site where Xiangliu was slain by Yu the Great (legendary location north of Mount Kunlun)
Yunzhong Jun (Cloud God) — Fenglong, the Cloud Deity Safety & Blessing
Yunzhong Jun (Cloud God) Fenglong, the Cloud Deity Ancient Mythology Altar beside the Yunmeng Marsh in the state of Chu, present-day Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province
Zhuanxu — Heidi (Black Emperor) and Gaoyang-shi, one of the Five Emperors Safety & Blessing
Zhuanxu Heidi (Black Emperor) and Gaoyang-shi, one of the Five Emperors Ancient Mythology The Er Di Ling (Tomb of the Two Emperors) in Neihuang County, Henan Province
Xingtian — Indomitable War God Warding Off Evil
Xingtian Indomitable War God Ancient Mythology Changyang Mountain, the legendary site described in the Classic of Mountains and Seas
Yinglong, the Winged Dragon — Yinglong (the Winged Divine Dragon; a meritorious deity who assisted Yu the Great in taming the floods) Safety & Blessing
Yinglong, the Winged Dragon Yinglong (the Winged Divine Dragon; a meritorious deity who assisted Yu the Great in taming the floods) Ancient Mythology No fixed sacred precinct (ancient texts state it dwelled in the southern regions; hence southern China is notably rainy)
Luwu — Guardian Deity of Kunlun Mountain · A Kin of the Kai Ming Beast Warding Off Evil
Luwu Guardian Deity of Kunlun Mountain · A Kin of the Kai Ming Beast Ancient Mythology Kunlun Hill (the Celestial Emperor’s Lower Capital), as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas
Taowu — One of the Four Fiends · The Unyielding and Fierce Beast Warding Off Evil
Taowu One of the Four Fiends · The Unyielding and Fierce Beast Ancient Mythology Roaming the desolate western frontiers beyond the civilised realm; the ancient state of Chu named its historical chronicle after Taowu
Kua Fu — The Sun-Chasing Giant Safety & Blessing
Kua Fu The Sun-Chasing Giant Ancient Mythology Kua Fu Mountain, Lingbao City, Henan Province
Diku — One of the Five Emperors, styled Gaosin-shi Safety & Blessing
Diku One of the Five Emperors, styled Gaosin-shi Ancient Mythology Emperor Diku’s Mausoleum in Shangqiu, Henan Province
Nüba, Goddess of Drought — Nüba (Goddess of Drought; Daughter of the Yellow Emperor) Safety & Blessing
Nüba, Goddess of Drought Nüba (Goddess of Drought; Daughter of the Yellow Emperor) Ancient Mythology No fixed sacred precinct (ancient texts record her dwelling north of the Red River)
Dijiang (Hundun) — Deity of Mount Tian · Hundun Safety & Blessing
Dijiang (Hundun) Deity of Mount Tian · Hundun Ancient Mythology Mount Tian (a western mountain) as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas
Pan Hu — Pan Wang (King Pan) Safety & Blessing
Pan Hu Pan Wang (King Pan) Ancient Mythology Qianjiadong, Jiangyong County, Hunan Province (Pan Wang Hall of the Yao people)
Jingwei — The Sea-Filling Bird, Daughter of the Flame Emperor Safety & Blessing
Jingwei The Sea-Filling Bird, Daughter of the Flame Emperor Ancient Mythology Fajiu Mountain, Zhangzi County, Shanxi Province
Yingzhao — Deity of Mount Huaijiang and Overseer of the Celestial Emperor’s Enclosed Garden Safety & Blessing
Yingzhao Deity of Mount Huaijiang and Overseer of the Celestial Emperor’s Enclosed Garden Ancient Mythology Mount Huaijiang, as recorded in the Classic of Mountains and Seas (located north of Kunlun Mountain, serving as the Celestial Emperor’s Level Garden)
Du Yu — Wangdi (King of Shu, Du Yu) Health & Averting Calamity
Du Yu Wangdi (King of Shu, Du Yu) Ancient Mythology Wangcong Temple in Pi County, Chengdu
Xuanming, God of Winter — Xuanming (God of Winter and Northern Water Administrator) Safety & Blessing
Xuanming, God of Winter Xuanming (God of Winter and Northern Water Administrator) Ancient Mythology No fixed sacred precinct (ancient texts state he resides in the Northern Dark Heaven)
Youchaoshi — Great Youchaoshi, the Primordial Ancestor of Nest-Dwelling Safety & Blessing
Youchaoshi Great Youchaoshi, the Primordial Ancestor of Nest-Dwelling Ancient Mythology Youchaoshi Legend Site, Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province
Bie Ling — Cong Di (Kaiming King Bie Ling) Health & Averting Calamity
Bie Ling Cong Di (Kaiming King Bie Ling) Ancient Mythology Wangcong Temple, Pi County, Chengdu City
Ji Shen (God of Grains) — Divine Sovereign of the Millet Sacrifice · Deity of the Five Grains Safety & Blessing
Ji Shen (God of Grains) Divine Sovereign of the Millet Sacrifice · Deity of the Five Grains Ancient Mythology The Sheji Altar in Beijing’s Zhongshan Park, as well as Sheji Altars throughout China
Gaomei (Primordial Matchmaker God) — Deity of Gaomei · Divine Official of the Suburban Shrine of Marriage and Fertility Children & Marriage
Gaomei (Primordial Matchmaker God) Deity of Gaomei · Divine Official of the Suburban Shrine of Marriage and Fertility Ancient Mythology Ancient suburban shrines dedicated to the Mei deity (originating in ancient Central Plains)