King Bian Cheng (Sixth Court)

King Bian Cheng, known by his given name Bi, presides over the Sixth Court of the Underworld and specializes in judging souls who, during their earthly lives, vented bitter grievances against Heaven and Earth, urinated or wept disrespectfully toward the north, or otherwise showed contempt for Heaven, Earth, and the divine. He oversees both the Great Shouting Hell and the City of Untimely Deaths. Within this city, spirits who died prematurely or unjustly reside temporarily until their allotted lifespans expire, after which they undergo final judgment and are assigned their karmic retribution. The Terrace for Gazing Upon One’s Hometown—erected within the city—allows these departed souls one last view of their native homes, helping them relinquish earthly attachments. His birthday on the 8th day of the 3rd lunar month is commemorated with ritual offerings, and folk tradition uses this observance to instill reverence for Heaven and Earth and to encourage solemn remembrance of ancestors.